HR Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HR Management - Essay Example As such, this concept is beneficial to the organization in terms of accurately identifying the interests that need to be addressed and give the direction and assistance needed from HR towards improving the value and image of the organization. The successful implementation of policies and procedures of any organization depends on the organization’s ability to adhere to standards and regulations imposed by government agencies and other relevant institutions that govern its operations. For HR, since the department is tasked with administering the responsibilities of various employees, it is expected to adhere to various regulatory issues and laws from the Department of Labor and compliance to OSHA requirements. This is valuable in terms of adhering to legal, moral and ethical standards expected from the profession and as expected by various stakeholders. The organization’s compliance to these regulatory requirements are crucial in ensuring smooth implementation of policies, procedures and strategies towards the accomplishment of goals. Workforce demographics indicate the relevant information pertinent to the employees’ background: age, educational background, gender, previous work experiences, status, skills and competencies, among others. A comprehensive and updated collection of this particular information in an organization’s HR database is needed to identify strategies that would influence and affect other decisions regarding staffing, maintenance and development of personnel. This concept is therefore important to business practitioners to determine current information in the workforce that could potentially impact present and future strategies. As revealed, â€Å"keeping one customer is more profitable than attracting a new customer† (Ppt 2 Herbold, Almansori, Aldaeri 10). It is therefore in the best interest of the organization and of HR practitioners to focus on enhancing customer service to accurately identify their needs

Attractive Nuisance Essay Example for Free

Attractive Nuisance Essay Whether Sherman, under the attractive nuisance doctrine, will likely prevail against Carlisle for multiple injuries he sustained in a fall from wooden steps of a tree house in disrepair while trespassing upon Carlisle’s property when: (1) Carlisle was aware that the neighborhood surrounding his property was populated with children; (2) a severe storm had damaged Carlisle’s property and exposed the previously concealed tree house; (3) Sherman was six years of age at the time of his injury; (4) Carlisle had little incentive to make repairs to the tree house prior to the storm because of its concealment; (5) immediately following the storm, Carlisle made arrangements with a contractor at a higher than average rate to make repairs to his property; and (6) Sherman was enticed to enter Carlisle’s land by construction materials and yellow caution tape and was unaware of the tree house until entering upon the property. Statement of Facts Carlisle has contacted our office seeking advice regarding an action against him for injuries suffered by a neighborhood boy, Sherman, while Sherman was trespassing upon his property. You have asked me to determine whether Sherman can prevail by proving Carlisle liable for his injuries. In 2005, Carlisle purchased â€Å"Fieldstone,† a two-acre estate sixty-five miles southwest of downtown Miami. Carlisle anticipated that his New York based company would expand into southern Florida and that he would eventually settle at Fieldstone. However, due to increased demands from his New York business, Carlisle has rarely spent more than two or three days at a time at Fieldstone, with long stretches in between. The estate, at the time of the incident, had been poorly maintained for quite some time and the backyard was vastly overgrown. Its unkempt condition appealed to Carlisle, however, as he looked forward to clearing the grounds himself. He was likewise intrigued by an abandoned tree house on the property that appeared structurally sound although in need of some repairs to its floorboards and slatted steps. The tree house was completely concealed by decades of overgrown foliage. Furthermore, Carlisle, who valued his privacy, was pleased that the property was protected by a high wooden fence, which concealed the residence, the yard, and the tree house from neighbors and passersby. Because of the tree house’s concealment and the security of the fence, Carlisle decided that the tree house did not require immediate repairs. None of Carlisle’s neighbors were aware of the tree house on his property. In October 2009, Fieldstone was severely damaged by a storm that swept the Florida coast. The back fence was weakened after being jarred by an uprooted tree and high winds stripped away most of the foliage that had concealed the tree house. As a result, the tree house was now visible from within the property, although it was still hidden from outside view. Carlisle made immediate efforts to hire work crews to make repairs. However, due to widespread damage across the greater Miami area, demand for services was extensive and most local contractors were charging very high rates. After contacting several contracting services, Carlisle finally made arrangements with a Broward County contractor, although at a higher than average rate. Less than two weeks after the storm, a subcontractor delivered building materials to Fieldstone and stacked them in the backyard. The work crew would be available in two or three weeks to begin repairs. In the meantime, Carlisle took short-term measures by posting several â€Å"no trespassing† signs conspicuously about the exterior and interior of his property. He also ran yellow caution tape around the tree house and building materials. Carlisle then returned to his business in New York. The next day, Sherman and three other neighborhood boys, all five to six years of age, were playing in an alley behind Carlisle’s property when their ball accidentally crashed into Fieldstone’s weakened back fence, breaking the slats and creating an opening to the yard. The children could see into the yard and were immediately attracted by the yellow caution tape and building materials. Upon entering the yard, they discovered the tree house. The tree house was inaccessible but for a frayed piece of rope that had once been part of a ladder. The rope was beyond the reach of Sherman and the others, so they swung themselves over the lower branches of the tree to reach the lower landing of the tree house. They successfully managed to hoist themselves onto the lower landing from where they began to run along the labyrinth-like walkways and steps in a race to reach the top of the tree house. Sherman was running ahead of the others but tumbled when one of the worn slatted steps splintered and gave way. Sherman fell a long distance to the ground and sustained multiple injuries. Discussion The attractive nuisance doctrine is based on the fundamental fact that children do not possess the same judgment or ability to recognize risk as adults. Johnson v. Wood, 155 Fla. 753, 21 So. 2d (Fla. 1945). Its purpose is to afford the trespassing child, where the elements of the doctrine are met, the same protection, applying the principles of ordinary negligence that would be afforded an invitee on the premises. Martinello v. B P USA, Inc., 566 So. 2d 762 (Fla. 1990). The burden of proof is upon the plaintiff to demonstrate that each element of the attractive nuisance doctrine is satisfied. Id. at 764. If the plaintiff proves each element of the doctrine, the defendant is then liable to the plaintiff for injuries caused by an artificial condition on the defendant’s property. Id. To establish attractive nuisance, a plaintiff must prove each of the following: (1) the place where the condition exists is one which the possessor knows or has reason to know that children are likely to trespass; (2) the condition is one in which the possessor knows or has reason to know and realizes or should realize will involve an unreasonable risk of death or serious bodily harm to such children; (3) the children, because of their youth, do not discover the condition or realize the risk involved in intermeddling with it or in coming within the area made dangerous by it; (4) the utility to the possessor of maintaining the condition and the burden of eliminating the danger are slight as compared with the risk to children involved; (5) the possessor fails to exercise reasonable care to eliminate the danger or otherwise to protect the children; and (6) the property owner entices the children upon the dangerous premises. Id. at 763. In this case, Sherman can easily prove that Carlisle knew or should have known that after the storm, neighborhood children were likely to trespass upon Fieldstone and that the tree house on the property was unsafe for children. Sherman can also prove that he was unaware of the risk involved in climbing the tree house because of his young age. It is unlikely, however, that Sherman can prove Carlisle’s burden to eliminate the danger was minor in comparison with the risk to children of climbing the tree house or that Carlisle failed to exercise reasonable care to eliminate the danger. And it is highly unlikely Sherman can prove he was enticed by the tree house to enter Carlisle’s property. A. Children Likely to Trespass To establish the likelihood of trespass, a plaintiff must show that a land owner knows or should know that the premises are in a neighborhood where young children â€Å"of immature years† play and that they will be attracted to the premises. Carter v. Livesay Window Co., 73 So. 2d 412 (Fla. 1954). Sherman can argue that Carlisle’s awareness of children within his neighborhood is sufficient for a court to find this element met. Furthermore, although Carlisle’s property was not under construction per se, it was under repair; in Carter, the court held that â€Å"in a residential neighborhood†¦it is common knowledge that children are as prone to play around houses under construction as monkeys prone to climb trees.† Id. at 413. Moreover, courts have found that the mere existence of children in a neighborhood where a dangerous condition exists is sufficient to satisfy this element. In re Estate of Starling, 451 So. 2d 518 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Ed Ricke Sons, Inc.v. Green, 609 So. 2d 508 (Fla. 1992). B. Unreasonable Risk to Children A plaintiff can satisfy the risk element by showing that a possessor of land knows or should know that a condition involves an unreasonable risk of death to children. In re Estate of Starling, 451 So. 2d at 518. In In re Estate of Starling, the defendant was aware that children frequently trespassed upon his property to swim in an excavated pond. Id. The defendant in that case left an underwater pump running that caused the plaintiff to drown. Id. at 519. Because the pump was concealed within the pool and the plaintiff was unaware of its existence, the court held that the pump constituted a concealed danger equivalent to a â€Å"man-made trap.† Id. Sherman can easily prove that Carlisle was aware of the dilapidated condition of the tree house and that it was unsafe for children. Sherman can further argue that the worn and slatted steps of the tree house were as deadly to children as â€Å"an extremely dangerous intake hose of sufficient size and strength to catch and hold a swimmer [underwater, drowning him].† Id. C. Inability to Realize Risk Because of Age A central objective of the attractive nuisance doctrine is to protect children of â€Å"tender years† by considering their inability to appreciate danger. Johnson, 155 Fla. 753, 21 So. 2d at 756. â€Å"[T]here is no definite age beyond which the [attractive nuisance doctrine] does not apply†¦however, as the child’s age increases, the conditions become fewer in which there can be recovery.† Lister v. Campbell, 371 So. 2d 136 (Fla. 1st DCA 1979). In Lister, the court concluded that the plaintiff, aged fourteen years and eleven months, possessed sufficient ability to understand and appreciate the danger involved in diving into two feet of water. Id. at 137. Given Sherman’s young age, he can easily prove that he was unable to realize the danger of climbing the tree house. Moreover, Sherman can prove that the warning signs Carlisle placed about his property were of no effect because in Nunnally v. Miami Herald Publ’g Co., 266 So. 2d 78 (Fla. 3d DCA 1972), the court noted that written warnings were of virtually no consequence to a plaintiff two years older than Sherman. Id. D. Burden of Eliminating Dangerous Condition Sherman will have difficulty proving that Carlisle’s burden to eliminate the danger of the tree house was slight as compared with its risk to trespassing children. Prior to the storm, Fieldstone was protected by a high perimeter fence that prevented trespass upon the property. In addition, because the tree house was concealed by foliage, no one within Carlisle’s neighborhood was aware of its existence. Given Carlisle’s busy schedule, it would have been inconvenient for him to make repairs that he regarded to be of low-priority. Therefore, Carlisle’s burden to eliminate the danger was far greater than the risk it presented to children based on a remote possibility of trespass. However, Carlisle’s burden shifted once the fence was damaged and the tree house was exposed by the storm. Carlisle then took immediate measures to eliminate the risk. By contrast, in Ed Ricke Sons, Inc., the Dade County Housing Authority was aware that over an eight-year period, a constantly renewed pool of scalding hot water flowing from a defective hot water in a public housing project was allowed to remain in an outdoors location easily accessible to children. Ed Ricke Sons, Inc. v. Green, 609 So. 2d at 508. This condition ultimately led to a child suffering burns over his entire body. Id. at 509. Analyzing this cost/benefit element, the court concluded that â€Å"[t]he cost of eliminating this nuisance would have been slight – certainly no more than the cost of installing a new hot water heater – compared with the enormous costs of caring for [the plaintiff child].† Id. E. Failure to Exercise Reasonable Care A land owner has a duty to take reasonable precautions to protect children from injury when a dangerous condition exists upon his property. In re Estate of Starling, 451 So. 2d at 521. Failure to exercise such care makes the land owner subject to liability for bodily harm to the trespassing child. Id. In this case, Carlisle arranged for services with a contractor at a higher than average rate to insure that repairs were made as soon as possible. Additionally, Carlisle made good faith efforts to warn potential trespassers by placing â€Å"keep out† signs conspicuously about his property. Given these facts, it is unlikely Sherman can prove that Carlisle failed to exercise reasonable care. F. Enticement Under the attractive nuisance doctrine, a child must be allured upon the premises of a land owner. Martinello, 566 So. 2d at 763; Concrete Constr., Inc., of Lake Worth v. Petterson, 216 So. 2d 223 (Fla. 1968). Should a child simply wander upon the property of another and suffer injury, absent an allegation that he was attracted by a condition existing within it, this element would not be met. Concrete Constr., Inc., of Lake Worth, 216 So. 2d at 222. Stated another way, if a child is injured by a condition other than the one that allured him to the premises and he is not allured to the condition causing his injury, this element cannot be satisfied. Nunnally, 266 So. 2d at 78. In Nunnally, a minor trespasser was chasing other children around a newspaper publishing building when he slipped and got his arm caught in a conveyor belt, resulting in injury. Id. The court rejected the boy’s claim under the attractive nuisance doctrine because â€Å"[at] the time of the injury, the min or plaintiff was not allured or attracted to†¦the conveyor belt.† Id. Moreover, it does not matter if a child is injured by a condition to which he is allured when that condition is different from the one that initially enticed him onto the property. Johnson v. Bathey, 376 So. 2d 848 (Fla. 1979). In Johnson, a child was allured to premises to collect surplus vegetables, but once upon the property, his attention shifted to an irrigation ditch wherein he was subsequently injured by a concealed pump. Id. The court rejected the boy’s claim because â€Å"[t]here is no doubt that [the child] was not allured onto the premises by the existence of the pump, because [he] didn’t even know about the pump until [he] had traveled some distance onto the property.† Id. In this case, Sherman was attracted onto Fieldstone by yellow caution tape and construction materials. The tree house, though exposed after the storm, was not visible from outside the property. Therefore, Sherman could not possibly have been attracted by something he could not see. Sherman was unaware of the tree house until entering upon the property; it follows naturally that he could not have been enticed by it. Since Sherman’s injuries resulted from running along the weathered steps of the tree house and not from running around the construction materials or caution tape, he will have great difficulty proving that this element is met. Sherman may argue that the tree house constitutes a concealed danger within Carlisle’s property. This argument, however, fails to satisfy the enticement element because concealed dangers must be contained within the condition of allurement. Mueller v. South Florida Water Management Dist., 620 So. 2d 789 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993). In Mueller, the plaintiff was injured when he ran into a concealed guardrail while riding his dirt bike on the landowner’s property. Id. In this case, the tree house caused Sherman’s injuries, but the tree house was not the condition that allured him to enter the premises nor was it a danger concealed within the caution tape and building materials, which were the conditions that initially allured him onto the property. Conclusion Sherman is unlikely to prevail against Carlisle under the attractive nuisance doctrine because he will be unable to prove each of the six elements. Sherman can easily prove that Carlisle was aware that neighborhood children were likely to trespass upon Fieldstone after the storm, that the exposed tree house was an unreasonable risk to children, and that he was unable to realize the risk of climbing the tree house because of his young age. However, Sherman will have difficulty proving that Carlisle’s utility to maintain the tree house was slight, especially since Carlisle’s burden to eliminate the danger increased by way of a natural means – the storm – as opposed to his own neglect. Furthermore, Sherman will have difficulty proving that Carlisle failed to exercise reasonable care due to the fact that he took immediate action to eliminate the danger, even incurring the financial hardship of voluntarily agreeing to a higher than average rate with a contractor to ensure the danger was eliminated as soon as possible. Lastly, it is very unlikely Sherman will prove that he was enticed upon the premises by the tree house because he was unaware of its existence until entering upon the property. It is for these reasons that a court is likely to find Carlisle not liable for Sherman’s injuries under the attractive nuisance doctrine.

Beatrice in Dantes Divine Comedy Essay -- Divine Comedy Inferno Essay

Beatrice in Dante's Divine Comedy      Ã‚  Ã‚   How many people spend their whole life in love with a person they met only once when they were nine years old? Dante Alighieri, born in 1265, had only one meeting with Beatrice Portinari in 1274, making him only nine years old. By Dante's own account this was the most important event of his youth (Alighieri). When she passed away in 1290 Dante was about 25 and overcome with grief (Barbi 6). If Dante hadn't met Beatrice much of his work would have never been written. When he met the Florentine gentlewoman, she made a deep impression on his feelings. In the Inferno Beatrice symbolizes blessedness or salvation, and Dante always called her by her full name to indicate that she brought happiness to whoever looked upon her. All evidence shows she was the daughter of Folco Portinari, and later, the wife of Simone die Bardi. Dante expressed his love for her in his poetry and believed she was "the guide of his thoughts and emotions toward that ideal perfection which is the goal of every noble mind" (Barbi 6). Other poets of the time wrote about the cruelty of women and demanded pity.    Dante exalted or glorified Beatrice as a miracle of courtesy and virtue sent to earth by God for the welfare of himself, and for those who would appreciate her qualities. Because of such exultation Dante believed that Beatrice would not stay long in the earthly life, and in June 1290 she died. This caused intense contemplation of her in the glory of heaven (Barbi 6). Dante was married shortly after the first anniversary of Beatrice's death. However, her memory came back and he felt horrible f... ....    Dante Alighieri met the love of his life when he was only nine years old, but never stopped loving her. She passed away when he was about 25 and Dante was never the same. After 16 years his love for her never faded, even though both had married. Even right before his death Dante still wrote about Beatrice and held her in the highest regard. Beatrice inspired his work and gave it meaning.    Works Cited Alighieri, Dante. "The Inferno." The Norton Anthology World Masterpieces Expanded Edition vol. 1. Ed. Maynard Mack. W.W. Norton & Co. Inc. 1995. 1693-1828. Alighieri, Dante. Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. Microsoft Corporation,1993-1997. Barbi, Michele. Life of Dante. London: Cambridge University. 1954. "Knights, Ladies and Constant Heartache." Discovery Online. 3/14/04.www.discovery.com.   

Death and Duck Season :: Broughton Duck Season Essays

Death and Duck Season In the short story "Duck Season," T. Alan Broughton introduces an everyday family from upstate New York, during the windy, fall season. The protagonist, Gracie, is dying of cancer, while her husband and children live in denial and try their best to carry on with their lives. Broughton uses the repeated structural device of flashback to depict a vivid image from the eyes of a lonely, bed-ridden Gracie. In looking at this story from a structural criticism, it can be broken down into seven parts that reinforce the theme: Cherish the time with a loved one because it can end in an untimely manner. To begin, Gracie is lying in bed one morning and she describes the scenery through her window: "This fall had been unusually mild, but all night the wind had shaken and battered the house, ripping away the warm rainy weather" (135). Sadly, Gracie's only outlet to the outside world is what she sees through her bedroom window and her memories of when she was well. Broughton then uses flashback to introduce Gracie's husband Len. He is a mechanic by trade and stubborn by nature. The author describes the euphoria of duck hunting season as a symbol for the world of denial Len lives in, because he cannot face the fact that Gracie was dying of cancer. "Once she had said to Len, I'm going to die soon, Stop trying to pretend, but he looked at her as if she had betrayed him" (136). Len's state of denial continues to be reinforced until the climax of the story. Â   In the second part of the story, Broughton presents Len and Gracie's three young children: Georgie, Betsey, and Adele. He also presents Father Rivard, who later makes Len address the reality of Gracie's dying. Broughton shows that the children are being taught to move on with their lives before Gracie even passes. They became uncomfortable in their mother's presence. "She noticed how relieved they were to turn and go" (137). Then, Broughton employs irony in his flashback to liken Gracie to her son Georgie, all-alone in the schoolyard. "Now all of them were that way, further and further away from her, and sometimes even the children seemed to look at her from a huge distance" (137).

Renault Nissan Partnership

The most important problem facing the Renault Nissan Partnership, Inc. is that both sides—Renault and Nissan—may soon face their own blend of internal problems. These problems, when taken from both parties and when merged or when analyzed from the overall perspective of the partnership, will most likely result to misinterpretations and, consequently, misunderstandings thereby undermining the whole purpose of the partnership. This eventually affects the general performance of the partnership as it divides and sets apart the two companies. The most probable set of recommendations that can be given to the Renault Nissan Partnership is for both sides to essentially take into account all the possible angles that will explain the problems that beset the other party. That is, an understanding and awareness of the other side’s problems should be given proper importance because both companies are involved in a partnership and that the welfare of one significantly contributes to the welfare of the whole. This should be the first consideration that the Renault Nissan Partnership should give full attention essentially because the very essence of the partnership would be undermined. Once this happens, the performance of the partnership will be affected as well which manifests at least in terms of the productivity rate and overall image of the partnership. Another is that the good relations of the involved parties in the partnership will also be affected. It leads to the possibility of a split-up where either one or both of the parties may disengage from the partnership. Another recommendation is that the Renault Nissan Partnership should anticipate possible discrepancies in terms of production so as to preempt the occurrence of one or, at the least, allot enough time for the partnership to address or to be able to resolve the impending crisis as soon as possible. Internal problems can be resolved through the early exposition of predicted problems thereby creating enough time between the occurrence of the predicted problem and the current timeframe. This expanse of time should be used in order to formulate sets of solutions as early as time permits. Last but not the least, when the partnership is faced with drawbacks from either sides, it should be the case that both should not leave-out the other party and, instead, provide substantial assistance in order to uplift the business relationship and lessen the impact of the problem to both Renault and Nissan. This assistance can take many forms depending upon what the existing situation necessitates or on what the nature of the problem is. In essence, the business partnership should all the more be strengthened during times of financial or internal difficulties and that the real test of the Renault Nissan Partnership rests on these unwanted instances. One can balance commitments to shareholders and commitments to the community by setting certain priorities depending on the context of the existing situation. That is, if the situation necessitates that the commitment towards the shareholders outweighs the commitment towards the community, it should be the case that one should choose the shareholders. On the other hand, the opposite case should be maintained thus suggesting the very idea of setting priorities according to the degree of importance as necessitated by the situation. On another note, when one is faced with the commitment towards the community or to the shareholders, it must be the case that one ought to give full attention to the needs of the concerned party in order to equalize everything when the time that the other side or party is also the one that should be committed with. In essence, setting priorities plays a key role in maintaining the balance between the levels of commitment towards the community and the shareholders. References Culpan, R. (2002). Global Alliances in the Automobile Manufacturing Industry. In Global Business Alliances: Theory and Practice (pp. 126-136). Westport, Conn: Praeger. Hoed, R. v. d., & Vergragt, P. J. (2005). Technology changes and industrial responses: changes in fuel options for the fuel cell automobile in the automobile industry. In K. Green, M. Miozzo & P. Dewick (Eds.), Technology, Knowledge and the Firm: Implications for Strategy and Industrial Change (pp. 149). Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. Â  

Mark Mcgwire Trendmendous Success Essays - Chicago Cubs, Free Essays

Mark Mcgwire Trendmendous Success Essays - Chicago Cubs, Free Essays Mark Mcgwire Trendmendous Success Mark McGwires Tremendous Success Mark McGwire is one of the most electrifying figures in sports today. This six-foot five inch, two hundred and fifty pound monster is a man on a mission. McGwires mission began when he went on to play high school baseball for Damien High School in Claremont. After high school McGwire attend the University of Southern California to play college baseball. McGwire would then go on to break a few home run records while at USC. The great work he did in USC earned him a spot on the US Olympic baseball team in 1984. This would be the beginning of a successful career. From there, McGwire became the tenth pick in the first round and signed with the Oakland Athletics. In McGwires first year with the Oakland As he became Rookie of the Year. Whether hitting home runs on the field or working with children, Mark proves he is dedicated, successful, and one of baseballs most popular players to watch. Whenever people walk into a ballpark to watch Mark McGwire on the field, people can believe he is a dedicated player to the game of baseball. McGwire has had much success because of all the hard practicing he does to get better each day. McGwires dedication came when Coach Stanley hit ground balls to McGwire, he tried to hit them hard enough that it would hit McGwire on either the wrist or the shin (Rains 61). I believe the long hours of taking ground balls helped him become one of the best fielding first baseman and earned McGwire a few Gold Glove Awards during his career. McGwire has also shown his dedication when McGwire took countless ground balls on a patch of rocky ground, trying to practice some of the bad hops and unusual bounces (Rains 62). Without a question McGwire was determined to work hard on his fielding. When McGwire wasnt fielding ground balls, he would be practicing his swing during batting practice. McGwire would make his adjustments in batting practice to find his right stance to hit a home run. Many players dont take the time to work on their stance to become a better hitter like McGwire does, which is why I think he has shown much dedication in hitting the big home run. McGwire has also shown a dedication off the field by setting up his own foundations. The Mark McGwire Foundation for Children is a foundation he has committed three million dollar of his salary to help physically and sexually abused children (McGregor 1). McGwire shows how important kids are to him by signing autographs for his fans and by working with abused kids who need a role model to help them. This also shows McGwire has become a public figure for what he has done for his community off the field. With his busy schedule McGwire said, He wants to help people (Reily 45). Thats why I believe McGwire is such a dedicated player not just on the field but also off the field with his foundation. Finally to prove McGwire is such a dedicated player is when McGwire comes to the ballpark early to sign baseballs, hats, and cards for fans who await his arrival to the stadium and even after the game McGwire finds time to make his fans happy. As McGwire continues his success in baseball it all comes down to the hard dedication he puts during practice to be one of the best ball player of all time. Mark McGwire has been a successful player throughout his career with Oakland and St. Louis. McGwire has become a successful by hitting home runs. His recent success came two months ago on September 8, 1998 when McGwire broke Roger Maris single season home run record of sixty-one homers. It wasnt one of his long homers either; however, it barely cleared the 330 foot fence. McGwire also set the home run record for rookies at forty-nine homers in 1987. When McGwire steps into the batters box he is feared by pitchers and by coaches. McGwire has set all kinds of records since his college years at USC. McGwire is also the first player in his first four years to hit thirty of more homers in each season. Mark has also been proven to be one the most successful players of all time with his great achievements he has had throughout his career. In 1995 McGwire led the Major League for average home run distance with 418 feet. McGwire has also hit homers that have gone 538 feet long. McGwire is a serious man when

Prostitution.

Prostitution. Prostitution is an issue which has caused controversy cross-culturally and historically and which has many individuals reexamining the logistics of it. If prostitution is decriminalized it will become economically profitable and feasible for not only the prostitutes, but also western society as a whole. Without the 20th century western laws, which force prostitution underground, the profession of prostitution could become a clean and safe occupation. Prostitution laws are unconstitutional and deny the prostitutes what the American constitution allows them. Prostitution is an illegal act in Canada and large portions of the United States, which, if legalized, would protect and benefit 20th century western society. If sanctioned, prostitution will become economically lucrative for the governments involved. The colossal amount of money spent each year on prostitute prevention could be spent on more urgent issues, which is exactly what the San Francisco Task Force on Prostitution found.Th e total costs accounted for in this report amounts to $7,634,750.00.2009 March For Life in Washington, DC), photo by J...Given the many areas in which we found that information is not available, or there are hidden costs, the over all expense to the taxpayer exceeds $7.6 million annually.1 The San Francisco Task Force is a group of researchers, police officers, members of the San Francisco community, government officials and prostitutes, who frequently meet to discuss the issues of prostitution and to try to come to some solution. Although they may not always agree, two issues they are in agreement about are that the $7.6 million dollars would be better spent elsewhere and that prostitution should be legalized. Robert Noce of Manitoba city council wants reform of the Canadian Justice System and he would like to see prostitution become worthwhile to Canadian taxpayers. Instead of pretending these establishments don't exist, instead be logical about this and try to use the profits tha t we could...

Dreams in Book 5 of Paradise Lost Essay Example

Dreams in Book 5 of Paradise Lost Essay Example Dreams in Book 5 of Paradise Lost Essay Dreams in Book 5 of Paradise Lost Essay Essay Topic: Paradise Paradise Lost Paradise Lost Books 5 and 6 Book five of Paradise Lost opens with Adam and Eve sleeping. An interesting event in this section was Eve’s dream. The dream is a foreshadowing to what will later happen in Eden thanks to the tree of knowledge. The dream sequence is a theme that happens in many forms of literature. The dream sequence is found in Death of a Salesman and also in the New Testament. Something always happens due to dreams and this is why Carl Jung and Freud wrestled with the concept so much. Dreams often warn people of what will come and also give insight into what people are going through. In literature dreams serve as a link to a person’s thoughts and actions. Eve’s dream is planted in her by Satan. Satan whispers in her ear, while she sleeps, of the goodness of the tree and all the powers that come with it. Satan tells Eve that with the knowledge she could be a Goddess. More proof that the dream is foreshadowing is that God sent Raphael immediately to share with Adam and Eve knowledge with the hope that they would not fall due to ignorance. However it was too late because the greatness of the fruit was already presented to them through the dream. Dreams have always been important in the Christian faith. In the Old Testament Joseph interpreted dreams of the Pharaoh. Joseph was called for, and interpreted the dreams as foretelling that seven years of abundance would be followed by seven years of famine, and advised Pharaoh to store surplus grain during the years of abundance. Before Joseph was 30 years old, Pharaoh made him viceroy over Egypt. He then later helped his family out that had previously sent him away. Another set of dreams that were influential in Christian faith were the dreams that Joseph and Mary had before Jesus was born. Whenever something important needs to be told a dream is created. Carl Jung was a philosopher that dealt with dreams. In his view dreams are the direct, natural expression of the current condition of the dreamer’s mental world. This would explain Eve’s dream and her eventual fall. Jung rejected Freud’s claim that dreams intentionally disguise their meanings, rather Jung believed that the nature of dreams is to present self portrayal. Using this viewpoint the dream in Book Five would be a thought that Eve had but never realized it until her dream Dreams provide knowledge that one has but has not experienced that knowledge. Dreams are messages in Christianity sent from God. Using dreams is an easy way for Gog to connect and express his views with followers and non followers. This practice can work, but only if Satan does not plant a dream first. As found in Book Five, if Satan implants a dream first or thoughts first the outcome can be fatal.

CARE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CARE STUDY - Essay Example However, the profession was taken more seriously with time and in the middle ages, there were more people working formerly as nurses (Ehrenreich and English, 2010). However, most of them were women of low standing in society with little training or organization (Dingwall, Rafferty and Webster, 2002). The history of nursing was revolutionized by the entry of Florence Nightgale who dedicated her life to helping the suffering and ill after she witnessed the thousands of people dying untended for during the Crimean war in 1854 (Dossey,2009). Thanks to her efforts, modern and professional nursing came about and today nursing is considered both and important and respectable career. Consequently, a great deal of research has been carried out on the professional and to this end, several nursing models have been developed. Roy’s model of nursing is based on the conceptualization of a person as a holistic entity with individual elements coming together to form a complete being. It is grounded on the following core components person, health, environment, and nursing; this model posits that the environment in which a person lives must be taken to account. This is because there is a constant interchange of information, matter and energy between the individual and the environment (Roy and Andrews, 1999). The model’s major strengths include the fact that it provides an efficient guide for nurses to use in interviewing and carrying out individual patient assessments, and it is easily applicable in nursing practice. However, it is weakened by the fact that it requires a great deal of painstaking effort to apply and with so many components, and as a result, it is rather challenging to get a reliable outcome. Orem’s theory provides a model that determines the self-care deficit and then defines what roles both patient and nurse need to play to meet the discovered

Why is media studies an important academic discipline Essay

Why is media studies an important academic discipline - Essay Example The basic field of media studies or media sciences as one might inter relate the two terms is to make sure that there is complete harmony of understanding the different media related regimes when it comes to getting the message to the right people at the right time and in the right capacity. The media contributes to public opinion and provides understanding of the news. The media entertains us, watches government and social institutions, and gives the public information for debate and discussion about local and international affairs. The role of media in the world of today is unparalleled, so much so that it literally overshadows the extent of impact any other field of life or work can have. Media manipulations thus also are quite rampant and would remain in the thick of things until a sense of responsibility and fair play is brought into this scenario. Thus this issue brings to light the task played by the spin doctors with the passage of time. These people are basically biased towards a cause, an event or have a set objective to start with. Media has a huge role to play in any country’s day to day activities and the mannerisms in which it usually deals with the people living in a region or country for that matter. (Curran, 2000) Its role cannot be denied its du e right especially since it can literally make or break the cultural values and traditions of any country. When we speak of media studies, we must remember that it is composed of a number of subsets namely advertising, film, television, print, animation and so on and so forth. Media communications demands a lot of word of mouth approach that essentially takes into consideration the fact that the more people are happy and satisfied with the brand and its related associations, the more they will buy it again and again as well as encourage their near and dear ones to take that step of having the eventual purchase on

Sport marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sport marketing - Essay Example Notably, a sport marketing strategy is most in the offing to be effectual if there exists a vibrant frontrunner or set of frontrunners who can assume full accountability for its final execution. Moreover, it is pertinent for all players of the sport marketing team to possess a clear comprehension of the marketing idea and where probable; make a sufficient contribution in accordance with their knowledge, abilities and unique skills (Mullin et al. 2009). The process, therefore, demands for a team comprising a blend of volunteers and staff who possess the proper mix of attitudes, experience, know-how and skills in the foremost step (Shilbury et al. 2004). Whether the execution of the sport marketing initiative shall be affluent relies on the personal and group effort of the involved volunteers and professional staff. The eventual part of the implementation stage of the marketing plan is to revisit, analyze and evaluate the aftermaths on a regular basis. It is highly pertinent to monitor how successfully the strategy is doing and to give way for variations in the current state of affairs are not progressing as intended from the initiation of the strategies. An ideal control process offers the structure to the incoming feedback (Shilbury et al. 2004). The entire sport marketing control initiative comprises of five major steps. The foremost step includes initiating performance measures. Such measures ought to be already in practice according to the second phase of the sport marketing initiative. The subsequent part of the framework is putting the performance measures into practice, through evaluating performance prior to and after the marketing initiative is under complete implementation (Hoye 2009). Succeeding the second level is the third stage whereby, a top down comparison of the results to identify gaps, loopholes, drawbacks and performance success occurs. Control in the sport marketing strategy involves the process of setting various standards,

Argumentative Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argumentative - Research Paper Example This essay will argue in support of the points and concerns raised by the author by citing evidence from credible scholarly sources. It was anti-Semitism and fervent nationalism that consolidated government control of German, Italian and Chinese populations respectively in the bygone era. In today’s geo-political situation, terrorism is the most discussed issue in public discourse. Ever since the September 11, 2001 attacks on America, it has been a major pre-occupation of American diplomatic and military efforts. Since the United States is the leader of the prevailing uni-polar world, terrorism now has implications for all countries associated with it. In the context of the ongoing War on Terror, the concept of Islamist jihad is seen as the ideological springboard for the numerous suicide attacks witnessed recently. As a measure to retaliate and prevent terror attacks, America and its allies have initiated several counter-terror operations in perceived geo-political hotspots. To complement these efforts, the scale and scope of counter-intelligence operations are also upped. (Mcgrath, 2004, p.147) But the term counter-intelligence darkly reminds the reader of the CoIntelPro regime of the Cold War period, where the state abused its power to keep a check on citizen freedoms. Curbing civil liberties under whatever guise is seldom a progressive move, as examples from past and present clearly show: â€Å"Tyrants place populations under surveillance because that is a prime means of control. The Gestapo, the NKVD, the KGB, the Stasi, and the Chinese Politburo all requisitioned private data such as medical, banking, and library records; now, with the Internet, Chinese authorities track citizens’ computer use. One reason dictators demand access to such private data is that this scrutiny breaks down citizens’ sense of being able to act freely against those in power†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wolf, Chapter 5, p.81) While counter-terrorism and counter-intelligence operations might have legitimate causes in certain exceptional cases, today it has come to represent hegemony and power. The record of the United States, especially under eight year reign of George W. Bush speaks ill of the notion of counter-intelligence. Interrogators working on the War on Terror project have resorted to such dehumanizing tactics such as solitary confinement in nudity in order to elicit intelligence information from suspects. Interrogators were learnt to have imposed nudity as a way of inducing ‘learned helplessness’ – which is akin to the psychological subjugation of American public to the domination and control by the elite business and political class. The Obama administration continued this tactic with Pfc. Bradley Manning. Whistle-blowers are being held naked in solitary confinement, â€Å"while our political establishment, a complicit media, and a professional class of lawyers and behavioral scientists attempt to veil American atrocities . Current targeted assassinations of American citizens, landmines, torture, and military tribunals sadly converge with the Bush-Cheney era policy of war and  counter-terrorism.† (Glazier, 2009, p.957) The dangers of indirect censorship and control articulated by Noami Wolf are easier to understand when we study the implications of recent legislations. For example, under George W. Bush's reign, the Foreign Intelligence

Marketing research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing research - Assignment Example This paper will critically evaluate the theoretical aspects related to exploratory marketing research to find out some marketing information and to cover letter as well as questionnaire in research. In market research, exploratory research is considered as more appropriate when more information is required to analyze a problem, opportunity or market related phenomenon (Wiid and Diggines, 2010, p. 55). Exploratory research helps a marketer acquire more insights and develop understandings rather than collecting accurate and replicable data and this is perhaps the main reason why most exploratory researches involve in-depth interviews. To find out students’ opinion about the purchase of new digital music player or any other kind of trendy products, exploratory research is more appropriate and effective since it helps the marketer clarify ambiguous situations and thus to develop ideas that would be potential for business opportunities (Zikmund and Babin, 2006, p. 51). Exploratory research is normally conducted when the marketer has to develop new products or redesign the existing products by analyzing existing demands, customers’ feedbacks and reviews for the existing products or competitive products etc. From the marketing perspective, digital music player companies such as Apple Inc, Sony etc that want to identify some most significant variables that their customers use to decide on whether to buy their music players. The company may want to collect variables related to different segments of the market such as students, middle-aged, women etc. For the exploratory research to find out students’ opinion about digital music player, the company would require gathering information related to factors that either directly or indirectly affects customers’ decision making to buy digital music players. For exploratory research to find out students’ opinion about digital players, the researcher needs to collect information such as

Argumentative Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argumentative - Research Paper Example This essay will argue in support of the points and concerns raised by the author by citing evidence from credible scholarly sources. It was anti-Semitism and fervent nationalism that consolidated government control of German, Italian and Chinese populations respectively in the bygone era. In today’s geo-political situation, terrorism is the most discussed issue in public discourse. Ever since the September 11, 2001 attacks on America, it has been a major pre-occupation of American diplomatic and military efforts. Since the United States is the leader of the prevailing uni-polar world, terrorism now has implications for all countries associated with it. In the context of the ongoing War on Terror, the concept of Islamist jihad is seen as the ideological springboard for the numerous suicide attacks witnessed recently. As a measure to retaliate and prevent terror attacks, America and its allies have initiated several counter-terror operations in perceived geo-political hotspots. To complement these efforts, the scale and scope of counter-intelligence operations are also upped. (Mcgrath, 2004, p.147) But the term counter-intelligence darkly reminds the reader of the CoIntelPro regime of the Cold War period, where the state abused its power to keep a check on citizen freedoms. Curbing civil liberties under whatever guise is seldom a progressive move, as examples from past and present clearly show: â€Å"Tyrants place populations under surveillance because that is a prime means of control. The Gestapo, the NKVD, the KGB, the Stasi, and the Chinese Politburo all requisitioned private data such as medical, banking, and library records; now, with the Internet, Chinese authorities track citizens’ computer use. One reason dictators demand access to such private data is that this scrutiny breaks down citizens’ sense of being able to act freely against those in power†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wolf, Chapter 5, p.81) While counter-terrorism and counter-intelligence operations might have legitimate causes in certain exceptional cases, today it has come to represent hegemony and power. The record of the United States, especially under eight year reign of George W. Bush speaks ill of the notion of counter-intelligence. Interrogators working on the War on Terror project have resorted to such dehumanizing tactics such as solitary confinement in nudity in order to elicit intelligence information from suspects. Interrogators were learnt to have imposed nudity as a way of inducing ‘learned helplessness’ – which is akin to the psychological subjugation of American public to the domination and control by the elite business and political class. The Obama administration continued this tactic with Pfc. Bradley Manning. Whistle-blowers are being held naked in solitary confinement, â€Å"while our political establishment, a complicit media, and a professional class of lawyers and behavioral scientists attempt to veil American atrocities . Current targeted assassinations of American citizens, landmines, torture, and military tribunals sadly converge with the Bush-Cheney era policy of war and  counter-terrorism.† (Glazier, 2009, p.957) The dangers of indirect censorship and control articulated by Noami Wolf are easier to understand when we study the implications of recent legislations. For example, under George W. Bush's reign, the Foreign Intelligence

How can I be effective in an Human Resource Business Partner role Assignment

How can I be effective in an Human Resource Business Partner role - Assignment Example strategy is to create a connection between HR and the performance of the firms through such that the value added by the HR team can be measured in more or less the same way sales and accounting departments as are evaluated (Ulrich, 2013). The objective of this report is to come up with ways through which I can contribute to the business strategies of CSIRO, from an HR perspective. To this end, I will be expected to outline the requirements for the facilitation of human resource strategies that provide for delivery of quality advice assistance and coaching of the staff at the business unit as well as leading a team of HR partners in assisting the firm and business units achieve their objective. CSIRO is the commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisations; it is the Australia’s equivalent of NSA and among the biggest and most diversified study organizations in the world. It is divided into 13 sections and they all work in harmony among each other and with leading research bodies around the world, the body is globally recognized for its expertise in research. A major challenge that faces the HR department in CSIRO and indeed most organisations is the task or determining the driving force behind the effectiveness of the firm. According to an analysis by CLC, analyzing different HR structures lead to the conclusion that irrespective of the organization’s model in play the HRBP has been consistently found to explain the variations in HR when it comes to line support effectiveness. In this context, Human Resource Business Partners work with the managers within the businesses and in some cases they are referred to as HR generalists. CLC found that even with exceptionally good professionals in their field of expertise any organization who’s HRBP are not effective will be unlikely to build effective partnerships within the line. One of the main fundamental premises on which the push for a more integrated Human resource practice is based on the

Pathological gambler Essay Example for Free

Pathological gambler Essay The dynamics of gambling disorder and the gambler’s personality profiles were asserted by Dr. Richard Rosenthal, a well known gambling addiction expert and cited the three criteria in assessing a pathological gambler. These criteria are the individual’s feeling of helplessness, guilt and depression, a well developed capacity for self–deception and the actual exposure to gambling. The individual’s physical and hereditary predispositions are also major causes that link gambling addiction to depression that may result to suicide. In terms of physical attributes, a gambler’s brain contains a higher level of chemical known as norepinephrine than a normal individual, due to excreted stress and excitement to win the game. Signs and Symptoms To determine the extent of gambling addiction, the American Psychological Association reported different diagnostic criteria (Lieberman, L. 2003). These include the individual’s preoccupation with gambling, one good example is a gambler who keeps on reliving his past gambling experiences and planning for his next gambling venture while thinking of ways on how and where to get money as gambling capital. Tolerance is a gambling addiction criterion in which a gambler needs a greater amount of money to achieve his desired excitement in gambling. Being restless and irritable is a withdrawal symptom when a gambler attempts to cut down his desire to gamble. Escaping from the feeling of helplessness, depression and guilt is a gambler’s escape from problems and to relieve his dysphoric mood. A classical behavior of pathological gamblers include frequent returns to gambling places in order to chase losses. Lying from family members and other people is a symptom that a gambler is concealing his over-involvement with gambling. Illegal acts like fraud, theft and forgery are signs that a gambler is searching for more finances for his gambling addiction. There is a possibility of risking some significant relationships for a gambler to suffice his gambling addiction including his job, career or other growth opportunities (Eadington, W. 2002). There are bailout circumstances wherein a gambler would rely on other people to provide financial assistance for his desperate situation due to gambling. The repeated loss of control to stop gambling is another symptom that an individual is a pathological gambler. Phases of Gambling Addiction Gambling addiction has three phases of progressive cycle such as winning phase, losing phase and the desperation phase. The pattern of gambling addictive behavior is a progressive and downward cycle that may lead to depression and later on suicide attempt. The winning phase is the time that gamblers experience a series of wins and became optimistic that the streak will continue. The feeling of great excitement will lead the gambler to increase the amount of his bets. The losing phase is the period that a gambler experiences losses and the time that he will reminisce his past wins and will start gambling alone, think more on gambling and start borrowing money even with high interest to continue his gambling. The losing phase is the time that gamblers start lying to family and friends, the home life becomes unhappy and restless. Chasing the gambler’s losses to win back their losses is a critical point on gambling addiction. Desperation is characterized by increase in the time spent to gamble, alienate family and friends with remorseful feelings. Gamblers may even resort to illegal acts to finance his gambling addiction. This is the period that a gambler experiences hopelessness, separation and divorce, get inclined to drug addiction, alcoholism and eventually suicidal tendencies. The third and final phase of gambling addiction is the hopelessness phase characterized by emotional breakdown and cannot think and see a way to be out of their gambling predicament. Most gamblers upon reaching the hopelessness phase or the bottom line of their gambling addiction will consider suicide as the only solution to their problem.

Importance of Declaration of Independence: Internet Freedom

Importance of Declaration of Independence: Internet Freedom Khoi Dao Relevance of Declaration of Independence In America’s revolution history, the Declaration of Independence wrote by Thomas Jefferson is one of the most iconic document. For most Americans, the Declaration of Independence describes the ideal government, one that works for its people and for their liberty, equality and happiness. Although our found father wrote the Declaration of Independence hundreds of years ago, this document is still relevant today because it gives us a blueprint to protect our â€Å"Internet’s right.† Internet is the most important invention in 20th century. There is not a better place for information and knowledge to be shared than on the World Wide Web. Internet is like supermarket of information and knowledge as it provided for everyone a fast access to practically limitless amount of data. Some people view it as a multimedia haven, some gush at the opportunities it will afford them to complete homework assignments, and for young adolescent boys it serves as a makeshift girlfriend. The Internet, and social networks by extension, is helping to spur an idea that seemed impossible a mere twenty years ago. Language barriers once prevented the average person from talking with someone in Asia or Europe, but now we have tools to communicate with someone in an entirely different language. A good example of this is Busuu.com, a site much like Facebook, where you can practice learning a language with people from different countries. The more humanity integrates over the web, the more soc ial borders dissolve. You might remember a time when the Internet did not exist, but the younger and upcoming generations will never know what it was like to live without web service. The internet service is a must have in nowadays society. Living in this age of technology without access to Internet is like living in a house with no electric. The most fundamental idea of the Internet is the freedom to share information. However, in recent years, the government proposes the SOPA (Stop Online Piracy Act) and PIPA (Protect Internet Protocol Act) bills to further regulate the internet. The goal of these acts is to stop illegal downloading and protecting intellectual property rights, but they will do more than that. The entertainment industry wants to have the power to shut down an unauthorized site or person to protect its property. The SOPA and PIPA will introduce a vast potential for censorship and abuse on making the web less safe and frigid. Websites like Youtube and Facebook will be in the scope of these bills because these websites have huge base of users that express themselves, make arts and produce videos that have lots of copyrighted video clip and music mix in. The video of your baby that you post online will be taken down just because you have music playing in the background. Our politicians tamper with the basic idea of internet, the freedom to share information, just to make the entertainment industry happy. Government involvement in the net is comparable to talking on the phone to your girlfriend while your parents listen in. You can say a few of the things you want, but a lot of the content will be restrained. The notion of censorship is the elimination of the individual liberties of free speech as guaranteed by the American Constitution, prohibiting the right to individual interests and denying personal accountability. The Internet has become the next main target of government regulation and statism. If humanity allows the best symbol of freedom to be interposed upon the results could be catastrophic to the future of our race. The rules and regulations of Internet censorship are oddly close on the side of oppression. Government regulation of the net is comparable to placing D.U.I. checkpoints at every corner to make sure you remember to follow the laws and never consider deviation. While any regulation law introduced to society is always proclaimed to be done for the greater good, the greater good in this scenario may actually lead to the demise of the Internet as we know it. The government mandating Internet censorship will be the fall of democracy. We, as Americans, value freedom, especially speech, above most everything else. Our founding fathers set up our country to ensure that our right to freedom would forever be protected. Soldiers fight constantly to protect our ability to maintain freedom and not allow us to fall under the control of invading governments. Freedom of speech allows us to create our social identities. Communicating our ideas and beliefs, no matter how strong they may be, makes us unique. The Internet is one of the biggest platforms for freedom of speech and banning it as a place of free speech would cause great uproar. If the government had passed this bill it would serve as the tipping point for allowing censorship of speech in our society. While there are those who abuse the privileges of free speech on the Internet this can only lead to a dreary finish. Who is to say that the Internet is the only place where speech should be reg ulated? The government would then examine different places where they can implement restrictions and soon we may lose basic rights. Internet censorship is also contributing to creativity suppression. This creativity could potentially help the human race in the form of innovative new ideas. The Internet forms parallels to the enlightenment era of the 18th century. A big advancement back then was the new coffee shops where a person could pay a penny for a cup of coffee and sit down with other fine gentlemen. This was an interesting time because now a person could be around those of higher intelligence and imbibe the discussions concerning things like the natural sciences and philosophy. This era managed to reform society using reason rather than tradition, faith, and revelation, which lead to an explosion of learning and inquiry. It is almost like these were the prototype for todays Internet, but instead of coffeehouses of we now have sites like Khan Academy, Facebook, and YouTube to share ideas and these sites reach an audience of millions all from the comfort of their own homes. With every social and technologica l innovation the ease and speed of human interaction increases paving the way to greater strides in innovation and thought. If we censored the things said in these cafes who knows what kind of marvelous inventions we would be without today. I could be carving this paper into a rock right now like Fred Flintstone. Nevertheless, pro censorship lobbyist are more concerned with stopping pirating and not worried about the collateral damage all this meddling will have with the people who are actually contributing useful material. The Internet, like a blossoming flower, can truly something beautiful if we allow it to be. In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson wrote, â€Å"governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government.† This statement is still true in today society. Since the government proposes the SOPA and PIPA bills, people were angry and frustrated. The online community bands together, and organizes the largest protest in Internet history to stopped the SOPA and PIPA bills. Numerous websites began discussion, educated its users about these bills and encouraged them to contact their representatives to stop these acts. Some websites even proposed a â€Å"internet blackout† to protest against these bills. On January 18, 2012, there are more than 100,000 websites participated in the protest. Websites participated in the black out included Reddit, Craiglist, Twitte r, Tumblr, and many more. These websites blackout its websites for 24 hours, and provided links for the users about the SOPA and PIPA bills. Google also participates in the protest as well. Google placed a censor bar over their Goodle doodle, and connected its users to page with information about SOPA and PIPA, and at the end of the day they got 4.5 millions of signatures on their petition. The protest was the huge success, the blackout lead to at least 18 senators withdrawing support of the bills. On January 24, which is the initial date the Congress would vote on these bills, the vote was postponed and the SOPA and PIPA bills are being stopped when people spoken loud and clear. This protest proved that Jefferson’s statement is still relevant to this day. Internet is the wonderful tool that we used it in everyday life, sometimes we even take it for granted. The government proposes SOPA and PIPA bills to censor the Internet, these bills are the biggest threat to the Internet freedom as we know it that’s ever existed. The online community came together and successfully stopped the bills. The Reluctant Fundamentalist | Analysis The Reluctant Fundamentalist | Analysis The Reluctant Fundamentalist is a novel by Mohsin Hamid, young celebrated writer who had very intricately woven the story around a young Pakistani, Changez, who faces a post 9/11 situation in the United States. The novel is his monologue: a quietly told, cleverly constructed fable of infatuation and disenchantment with America, set on the deceitful fault lines of east/west relations, and finely tuned to the ironies of prejudice and misrepresentation. This gives an insight into the post 9/11 scenario and what the Muslims had to face in the United States. It is a deeply provocative, excellent addition to the post September 11 novels. But it would be an understatement to merely term it that. The novel is rich in irony and intelligence. It is beautifully written and superbly constructed. It is more exciting than any thriller Ive read since long, as well as being a subtle and elegant analysis of the state of our world today. It seems that Mohsin Hamid would have us understand the novels title ironically. It has a double meaning likewise the title has one person with two different personas. We are provoked to question whether every critic of America in a Muslim country should be labeled a fundamentalist, or whether the term more accurately describes the capitalists of the American upper class. Yet these queries seem blunter and less interesting than the novel itself, in which the fundamentalist, and potential assassin, may be sitting on either side of the table. Even at the end of the novel the writer closes with the narration, He writes: I hope you will not resist my attempt to shake you by the hand. But why are you reaching into your jacket, Sir? Therefore, it can be gauged that the American even after all the hospitality does not shrug off the suspicion he had in the beginning. The writer starts the sentence in the second line which is self explanatory of the perception of Muslims in the United States post 9/11. It says: Do not be frightened by my beard: I am a lover of America. Throughout the novel we will come across instances where the writer tries to establish how the Americans perceive the Muslim world no matter how and what their contributions and emotions have been towards The United States. Authors Background: This book is written by Mohsin Hamid, born in 1971 in Lahore. After studying at Princeton and Harvard Law, he worked in New York and London, first as a management consultant with McKinsey and then as managing director of Wolff Olins. He now lives and writes in Lahore. His first novel, Moth Smoke- 2000, dealt with sex, drugs, and class conflict in 1990s urban Pakistan. It inquires the reader to judge the trial of an ex-banker and heroin addict who has fallen for his best friends wife. Moth Smoke became a cult hit in Pakistan. It was also the winner of a Betty Trask Award and a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award. This second novel, The Reluctant Fundamentalist -2007, explored the fear and suspicion that followed the 9/11 terrorist attacks. In it an American, encounters a bearded Pakistani who has left behind a high-flying career and love affair in New York. The novel became an international bestseller, won numerous awards, and was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize. Mohsin also writes essays and journalism for the Guardian, Time Magazine, The New York Times, Dawn, La Repubica, and other publications. Mohsin Hamid started writing the novel in 2000 before even 9/11 struck and then after it stuck he weaved the story around the same man Changez who went to study in America and built it in the aftermath of the fall of the twin towers. Because the writer has been living in the United States and also studied at the same institutes that he has mentioned therefore there is a likelihood that his personal observations would have come into play too. Target Audience: The audience that the writer caters is general public. The fall of the twin towers in the United States shook the world and a war was inflicted in the name of War on Terror bringing Muslims under its crunch. Therefore this book especially focuses on the youth, as the post 9/11 situation affected mostly the young working and studying in the US. Summary: The novel begins a few years after 9/11. Mohsin Hamid has very intricately woven the story around a young bearded man, Changez who happens upon the American in Lahore, invites him to tea and tells him the story of his life in the months just before and after the attacks. In 2001, as he explains, Changez was hardly a radical, as he now appears, not from within, but from without. That monologue is the substance of Hamids graceful and unnerving novel. Fresh out of Princeton, Changez was living in New York City and working as a Financial Analyst. At Princeton he was one of only two Pakistanis in his class who did exceptionally well there: I reached my senior year without having received a single B. The man who hires him is also something like a mentor: Jim is an American who rose from poor circumstances to become a very successful man, and he sees a similar hunger in Changez, though Changez doesnt think they are that similar. The fundamental motivation is slightly different: I did not grow up in poverty. But I did. His indoctrination, however, was never total. Starting with his job interview at Underwood Samson to a post-graduation trip to Greece with friends from Princeton, Changez maintains an outsiders double perspective. On the trip he is infatuated with Erica, one of the other travelers, but is also bothered by his rich friends extravagance and the arrogance with which they give orders to anyone theyve paid for a service: I found myself wondering by what peculiarity of human history my companions many of whom I would have regarded as upstarts in my own country, so devoid of refinement were they were in a position to conduct themselves in the world as though they were its ruling class. Yet even as he recognizes the shortcoming of that ruling class, Changez, who comes from a high-status family, moving downwardly, also aspires to join it. Given his oft-mentioned phenomenal aptitude for his new job and a talent for winning over other people, that goal seems all but guaranteed. Has he sacrificed his identity in pursuit of his status? Is he an ignorant master or a shrewd subaltern? Changez has already begun to ask himself these questions when he sees the towers fall. And in the wake of the attacks, as tensions escalate between India and Pakistan, and the United States is caught up in patriotic displays that strike Changez as a dangerous form of nostalgia, he loses interest in his work. Assigned to help appraise a publishing company in Valparaiso, Chile, he spends his time visiting Nerudas house and lunching with the publisher, who compares Changez to a janissary one of the Christian youths captured and then conscripted by the Ottomans, compelled to do battle against their own civilization. He appears to hide himself and his emotions completely, until his reaction to the attacks through the sudden smile, pierces the shell. It seems to have come as a surprise even to him and while hardly endearing, it sets his tale in motion. Changez has a particular way with words, especially regarding the American. Rather than stating the obvious, he offers a more agreeable alternative one that permits both him and the American to continue their pretense. And that it is a charade right from the beginning. Come, tell me, what were you looking for? Surely, at this time of day, only one thing could have brought you to the district of Old Anarkali and that is the quest for the perfect cup of tea. Have I guessed correctly? In the last lines of the 1st page the writer pens the American mindset, he writes: You prefer that seat with your back so close to the wall? He then adds satirically explaining to the American that the Pakistanis are not all terrorists and to be feared: You would have been surprised by the sweetness of his (Waiters) speech, if only you understood Urdu. Mohsin Hamid also talks about the dilemmas of the Pakistani society and narrates: Status in any traditional, class conscious society declines more slowly than wealth. He also talks about the suspicion with which the Americans view the Pakistanis, he tells him that the food is not poisoned and therefore offers an exchange of tea cups also to shrug all suspicions. The writer continues reflecting on the American mind and how they view the Muslims and adds to the tale: The American says: Although I like Pakistanis but the elite has raped that place well and good, right? And fundamentalism, you guys have some serious problem with fundamentalism. The writer through the mind of Changez feels bridled but accepts that there was nothing overtly objectionable in what he said. But the offence that he took made him restrict his response to Yes there are challenges but my family is there and I can assure you it is not as bad as that. Readers may be led to believe that the conversation over tea and dinner is merely a framing device, and that the true heart of the novel is the life-story Changez recounts, but that narrative is interrupted too often. Changezs life-story holds clues to what brings these two men together here for what is surely meant to be a fateful encounter which the writer pulls that off to some extent. Two things follow the turning point in the novel: Changez begins his introspection about Americas hegemony and power and the city he had embraced with such joy only a few months before begins to view him with mistrust and suspicion as the public mood and climate change. Changezs life begins to unravel quickly. Erica slips away from him, is confined to a mental asylum and eventually disappears. He is fired from his job. He returns to Lahore, bitter and disillusioned about the United States, and begins to teach at a university. His exposition of US behavior in its grief-crazed, wounded state offers a sort of postscript to this novel. As a society, you retreated into myths of your own difference, assumptions of your own superiority. And you acted out these beliefs on the stage of the world Such an America had to be stopped in the interests not only of the rest of humanity but also in your own. Changez does not let on exactly what he does to stop America once he is back in Pakistan though he admits that is his mission. Hamid keeps the ending of the novel open and faintly ominous. It is hard to tell how reliable a narrator Changez is. Analysis: Mohsin Hamid is a young celebrated writer. A less sophisticated author might have told a short narrative of an immigrants experiences of discrimination and ignorance. But Hamids novel is distinguished by its portrayal of Changezs class aspirations and inner struggle. For, to be an American is to view the world in a certain way. Ericas obsession with the past engineered to dovetail with Americas nostalgia and with Changezs yearning for a lost Lahore while her disappearance neatly parallels his departure from America. Hamid, who himself attended Princeton and worked in corporate America, aptly captures the ethos and hypocrisies truly and intricately. We never learn the American mans identity, yet Changez regularly interrupts the story to address him. Perhaps he had been pursuing Changez, who has become a leader of anti-American protests. Apparently, the man is on a mission and he may be carrying a weapon, as indicated in the last lines. The use of monologue in The Reluctant Fundamentalist allows the writer intimate access to his central characters mind. Not without its limitations, monologue is used here with great effectiveness, particularly in helping to build suspense. Changezs tone, which is sometimes exaggeratedly polite, sometimes darkly menacing, is laced with the bitter irony. The precise, rather classical orchestration of symmetries and reciprocities is both a strength and a weakness in the book. It fosters the kind of concentratedly astute cultural observation at which Hamid excels. At frequent intervals the narrative executes a nice flourish in the form of some densely symbolic image or succinct remark. Changez meaningfully summarizes, for instance, the experience of every happy Manhattan transplant when he declares: I was, in four and a half years, never an American; I was immediately a New Yorker. Conclusion: The nature of fiction here is closer to reality. The east/west scenario, the discovery of ones patriotism and a morally superior set of values leaves Changez with a sense of decision to leave the United States in the wake of September 11 attacks. He, therefore becomes a potentially fascinating character, what his creator would have intended. This is undoubtedly a great novel written out of the anguished material of these kinds of east/west encounters. This book and its author (who won a Betty Trask award for his first novel, Moth Smoke) certainly has the potential to produce more world class novels. It gives an insight into the American mind and how the world in a post 9/11 circumstances view the Muslims. It also enhances feelings of patriotism when the other partys intentions become evident. My critical analysis of The Reluctant Fundamentalist is a testament to its genuinely provocative nature, and it remains, at the very least, an intelligent, highly engaging piece of work.

education in the past :: essays research papers

Education wasn’t an option for Romans and Greeks; it was both a tool and a necessity. Without education, neither of these cultures would have been what they were or remembered as they are today. Without education, neither of these cultures would have experienced the fame and success that they experienced during their individual time periods. About 200 BC, a Roman system of education developed which was different from the Greek tradition, but Romans borrowed some of the ancient Greek system of education. The Roman education system was based mainly on the study of Latin and Greek literature in order to produce effective speakers. School began each year on the 24th of March and there were three phases to a proper Roman Education: primary instruction, reading of literature (called grammar by the Romans), and formal schooling in rhetoric, but these three phases weren’t for everyone because school wasn’t free. For those that could afford to go to school, they had to first be educated at home. In early Roman days, a Roman boy’s education took place at home. If his father could read and write, he taught his son to do the same. The father instructed his son in Roman law, history, customs, and physical training, to prepare for war. Reverence for the gods, respect for law, obedience to authority, and truthfulne ss were the most important lessons to be taught. Girls were taught by their mothers. Girls learned to spin, weave, and sew. Once boys and girls, with their father’s permission to school, reached the age of 6 or 7, they were ready to begin the primary instruction part of the Roman education. In primary instruction, children studied reading, writing, and counting. They read scrolls and books. They were taught Roman numerals, and recited lessons they had memorized. At age 12 or 13, the boys of the upper classes attended â€Å"grammar† school, where they studied Latin, Greek, grammar, and literature. At age 16, some boys went on to study public speaking at the rhetoric school, which was the major element in education, to prepare for life as an orator or as an advocate in the law courts. In ancient Athens, the purpose of education was to produce citizens trained in the arts, to prepare citizens for both peace and war. Athenian schools were private, and required students to pay tuition. There were no state-funded schools at this time and no laws requiring children to receive education. education in the past :: essays research papers Education wasn’t an option for Romans and Greeks; it was both a tool and a necessity. Without education, neither of these cultures would have been what they were or remembered as they are today. Without education, neither of these cultures would have experienced the fame and success that they experienced during their individual time periods. About 200 BC, a Roman system of education developed which was different from the Greek tradition, but Romans borrowed some of the ancient Greek system of education. The Roman education system was based mainly on the study of Latin and Greek literature in order to produce effective speakers. School began each year on the 24th of March and there were three phases to a proper Roman Education: primary instruction, reading of literature (called grammar by the Romans), and formal schooling in rhetoric, but these three phases weren’t for everyone because school wasn’t free. For those that could afford to go to school, they had to first be educated at home. In early Roman days, a Roman boy’s education took place at home. If his father could read and write, he taught his son to do the same. The father instructed his son in Roman law, history, customs, and physical training, to prepare for war. Reverence for the gods, respect for law, obedience to authority, and truthfulne ss were the most important lessons to be taught. Girls were taught by their mothers. Girls learned to spin, weave, and sew. Once boys and girls, with their father’s permission to school, reached the age of 6 or 7, they were ready to begin the primary instruction part of the Roman education. In primary instruction, children studied reading, writing, and counting. They read scrolls and books. They were taught Roman numerals, and recited lessons they had memorized. At age 12 or 13, the boys of the upper classes attended â€Å"grammar† school, where they studied Latin, Greek, grammar, and literature. At age 16, some boys went on to study public speaking at the rhetoric school, which was the major element in education, to prepare for life as an orator or as an advocate in the law courts. In ancient Athens, the purpose of education was to produce citizens trained in the arts, to prepare citizens for both peace and war. Athenian schools were private, and required students to pay tuition. There were no state-funded schools at this time and no laws requiring children to receive education.

Essay --

The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf is written by Mohja Kahf and is a coming of age story as the main character, Khadra tries to find her true identity. Khadra Shamy is the daughter of Syrian immigrants who moved to Indianapolis. Khadra grew up in a strict Muslim community and both of her parents were very involved with the Da’wah Center. In the strict Muslim community that Khadra was raised in, all children were brought up believing in one definition of Islam and rejecting all other definitions and practices. Throughout the book we learn how Khadra’s parents lied to her about some of the Islamic teachings she thought to be true during her childhood, which interferes with her search for her identity. There are several examples of social pressures and realities throughout the book that help shape Khadra’s identity, many of which girls of any religion or culture would struggle with in their own way, making this novel relatable across different cultures. The first life-changing event that Khadra encounters is the rape and death of her close friend Zuhura. Zuhura represented a hybridization, in the sense that she was a strong muslim woman, but also wasn’t afraid to interact with Americans, unlike most of the community. Zuhura was like a sister to Khadra as well as a mentor. Upon the rape and death of Zuhura, Khadra tightened her grip on her religion. She saw Zuhura’s death as what could happen if you try to interact with Americans and don’t abide by the community’s strict Islamic teachings. Khadra gets married to Jumu’ah al-Tashkenti upon returning from her trip to Saudia Arabia for the Hajj. Khadra marries him because she thinks he is an ideal, strong Muslim man, and that is what she thinks that she ... ... of a different religious background. She depicts Khadra’s journey not as her breaking free from the strict rules of the Muslim community she was raised in, but rather focused on situational experiences that Khadra had to overcome to find her religious identity. It is in a sense a coming of age story in which the Khadra experiences things that are realistic and relatable because they can happen on a daily basis to anyone. The novel depicts that how you react to the social pressures defines you as well, which is a concept that is often lost, yet Mohja Kahf depicts this clearly. The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf shows how social pressures and obstacles shape your identity and without them, you could be stuck just adopting the same identity as your parents. Ashley Fleetwood Word Count: 1,040 Kahf, Mohja. â€Å"The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf†. Public Affairs. New York. 2006.

Shakespeare’s presentation of the Courtly World of Messina in the play’s opening acts

The concept of the courtly world goes beyond the mere setting of the royal court and is largely presented as a life style, especially with regards to romance. This idea has transcended time, with Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales depicting a similar courtly world in the Knight’s tale, a story that possessed broadly similar features to Much Ado About Nothing. This world is set firmly in a period where the monarchy was the centre of English life. This, perhaps, explains why some aspects, especially the apparent degradation of women until they become objects, are somewhat uncomfortable for modern readers as our liberal society views this as sexist, far from a Victorian audience’s view that this was normal life. The structure of the play is instrumental in establishing the recurring themes of a courtly world, most notably the hierarchical and patriarchal structures that operate in this setting. This is most obvious from the dramatis personae, with its order beginning with men at the top and women at the bottom highlighting the gender roles within the courtly world and love itself as it is men who essentially do the courting. This idea is alluded to in the war-like scenes of ‘take her hearing prisoner’ as war is usually the domain of men and by referring to love as a battlefield, it is therefore inferred that love is the domain of men, with the reference to a woman as a ‘prisoner’ reinforcing the passive, helpless female role. This point is further emphasized by the fact that most scenes are initiated by a male as this establishes the idea that men come first and are the dominant presence, a concept that is perpetuated through this courtly world. The form is repeatedly used to reinforce the features of the courtly world to the audience. Being a play, the dominant role of men is highly apparent though their overrepresentation in the dialogue, nowhere more so than in conversations with Hero. Her lack of a response to ‘Speak, cousin; or if you cannot, stop his mouth with a kiss’ encapsulates the idea that women weren’t valued for their opinions, but merely their sexuality as a wife and childbearer as the ‘kiss’ suggests – Hero can only communicate with men though sexual appeal rather than her intelligence or personality. Ironically, despite being outspoken, Beatrice is only able to do so by adopting ‘masculine’ traits such as the scorner of love persona emulated by Benedick. The mere fact that the only way that Beatrice is able to speak up is through being ‘one of the guys’ reinforces the idea that it was unnatural for a woman of the courtly world to be opinionate d as it was a trait primarily associated with men. The language used, in itself, is largely representative of the features of the courtly world. The men, in particular, use witty, almost poetry like phrases, such as ‘My visor is Philemon’s roof; within the house is Jove/ Speak low if you speak love’. This passage is almost in ballad form, which, being the poetry of love, reinforces the romance associated with the courtly world. The fact, however, that such poetic language is used, is somewhat representative of the idea that the courtly world is a fantastical aspiration for most people as, like poetry, it is the construct of an individual’s imagination and is not really representative of real life. The masquerade ball, talk of which dominates much of the first part of the play, further encapsulates this idea. I say this because the idea of dissembling is highly apparent in the ball and dissembling is not too far from the idea that the view portrayed of the people, like the courtly world, is mainly a construc t, yet underneath, the reality is a lot less perfect than the what audience actually sees. The main feature of the courtly world appears to be power as this idea recurs in many ways throughout the play. The witty language used by the men is not only symbolic of the constructed courtly world, but is used mainly a tool for them to show off and gain power over one another. The same can be said for the structure as the dramatis personae is essentially a power list going in descending order. What is most interesting about this, however, is the fact that women are always at the bottom which suggests that this is less about power than it is playing to gender roles where men are required to assert themselves, just as woman are required to remain passive. This idea would sit at odds with a modern audience, as our post-feminism society finds fault with everything that separates men and women into gender roles and this patriarchal courtly world would be considered highly sexist in our modern day.

Unfortunate Irony “Hope” Ariel Dorfman

Essay 2 Unfortunate Irony In the poem â€Å"Hope† by Ariel Dorfman the use of irony is what really sets and delivers the mood of this heart wrenching story. The author uses a very straight forward approach in this poem because they are essentially just telling the story, adding loose rhythm and rhyme structure. The best way for the author to get the point of this tragedy across is with subtle but profound irony. The mother and father finding â€Å"joy† in this horrible event is the best example of irony.Irony in my opinion is what can really drive home the feeling of the author or lyricist and is a way to completely change the direction of feeling. In Hope, when the author says â€Å"we couldn’t find out anything else about him†, it’s as if the author’s implying they don’t know where they are taking him, what they are doing with him, or if they’ll ever see him again. The irony in this statement is that we assume that until compl eting the poem and rereading it, that maybe the parents will not get to see the child grow up.The author is speculating this early on that they will not see their child do all those things we have all been able to do and our parents have watched us do. Because they already know and somewhat accept what is going to happen to the child. The author is completely aware of what kind of situation this has brought about. You see this when Ariel says, â€Å"somebody tell me frankly what times are these, what kind of word, what country†. Ariel knows, these are terrible times†¦ This type of irony really reminds of classic and contemporary country lyrics.The one that comes to mind immediately is â€Å"He Stopped Loving Her Today† by George Jones. The story he tells is of a man that’s hopelessly in love with a former lover that no longer loves him. The opening line really sets the tone with Jones’ haunting twang, â€Å"He said I’ll love you till I die, S he said you’ll forget in time. † But as the story explains, he doesn’t. Jones’ lyrics are extremely painful when describing the setting of his home and how he has held on to items that are linked to her. He kept some letters by his bed, Dated 1962, He had underlined in red, Every single I love you. † The verse right before the chorus and the chorus itself are what show the very unfortunate irony. The person telling the story explains how he went to see his friend and he’s â€Å"All dressed up to go away, First time I’d seen him smile in years†, the man had finally found the end to his pain on his way to his own funeral. The chorus, â€Å"He stopped loving her today, They placed a wreath upon his door, And soon they’ll carry him away, He stopped loving her today. To find happiness in such a way just shows how bad the pain actually is, just like in â€Å"Hope†. To find any amount in joy due to horrific pain and sadne ss, is very sad and it is understandable how the family of the child in â€Å"Hope† and the friends of the man in â€Å"He Stopped Loving Her Today† can find joy in these extremely sad and difficult situations The ultimate display of irony in â€Å"Hope† is after Ariel acknowledges the circumstances and situation their family has found themselves in and how to deal with it. They say they recognized his voice, his screams, they say†, this is very powerful and very disturbing. This leads to the ultimate question of this piece, â€Å"What I’m asking is how can it be that a father’s joy, a mother’s joy, is knowing that they, that they are still torturing their son? † And the joy and comfort they find by knowing that if he is being tortured that is still alive and that still leaves a window for hope. Which means that he was alive five months later and our greatest hope will be to find out next year that they’re still torturing him eight months later, and he may†¦ might†¦ could still be alive. † That is unfortunate irony, finding joy in a loved one being tortured because at least there is still hope they will one day be reunited with their child. Works Cited Dorfman, Ariel. â€Å"Hope†. Kirszner/Mandell Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing Jones, George. â€Å"He Stopped Loving Her Today† http://www. cowboylyrics. com/lyrics/jones-george/he-stopped-loving-her-today-18102. html

Philosphical Approaches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosphical Approaches - Essay Example It is very important to leave out bias, prejudice, personal factors, and opinions from ethical decision making in such cases (Guy, 1990). Ethical decision making requires a good sense of morals and a neutral viewpoint. While it is very difficult for a person to remain neutral in several situations, an ethical decision maker or a judge has to keep his/her mind clear of preconceived notions. An ethical dilemma may arise when a decision has to be made on moralistic grounds between two opposing situations. While both parties may be right in their own regard, it is up to the decision maker to reach a fair, unbiased, altruistic conclusion (Trevino, 1986). Several tools are available to decision makers to derive their decision such as references, proof, investigations, objective opinions of others, etc. However, the method to be chosen is reliant upon the decision maker’s preference and his/her comfort level with the chosen method (Robert, 2007). In regard to ethical decision making, there are three philosophical approached to guide the behavior of the decision maker. The first approach is the intuitionist approach. This approach relies on intuition alone and is basically reliant upon the decision maker’s own sense of morals and standards of ethical behavior. The decision maker alone is responsible for deciding what is right and wrong according to his/ her judgment and intuition. This is the most subjective approach amongst the three as the basis of an ethical decision relies upon whether the decision maker himself feels that he has made an ethical and moralistic judgment. This may also be criticized as being an unethica l approach to decision making as everyone’s norms and sense of morality may differ. However, this approach is used and is considered to be one of the most phenomenal approaches to ethical decision making (Guy, 1990). The next is the deontological